The channel, valley floor, and sloping valley walls of a stream.Ī stream that cuts through a ridge lying across its path. The diversion of the drainage of one stream, resulting from the headward erosion of another stream. The degree of similarity in particle size in sediment or sedimentary rock. The speed at which a particle falls through a still fluid. Transportation of sediment through a series of leaps or bounces. Water that flows over the land rather than infiltrating into the ground. Tiny channels that develop as unconfined flow begins producing threads of current. The average time interval between occurrences of hydrological events such as floods of a given or greater magnitude. The point downstream where a river empties into another stream or water body.Ī curved lake produced when a stream cuts off a meander.Ī crescent-shaped accumulation of sand and gravel deposited on the inside of a meander.Ī depression formed in a stream channel by the abrasive action of the water’s sediment load.Ī system of streams running in all directions away from a central elevated structure, such as a volcano.Ī drainage pattern characterized by numerous right angle bends that develop on jointed or fractured bedrock. The level of a lake, resistant rock layer, or any other base level that stands above sea level.Ī cross section of a stream channel along its descending course from the head to the mouth.Ī loop-like bend in the course of a stream. The water particles move downstream without mixing The movement of water particles in straight-line paths that are parallel to the channel. The maximum rate at which soil can absorb water. The movement of surface water into rock or soil through cracks and pore spaces. Meandering channel that flows in a steep, narrow valley formed either when an area is uplifted or when base level drops. The extension upslope of the head of a valley due to erosion. The beginning or source area for a stream. Grade (slope) measured by the ratio of drop in a stream per unit distance, usually expressed as feet per mile The flat, low-lying portion of a stream valley subject to periodic inundation.Ī stream that has the correct channel characteristics to maintain exactly the velocity required to transport the material supplied to it. The overflow of a stream channel that occurs when discharge exceeds the channel’s capacity. The land area that contributes water to a stream. That portion of a stream’s load carried in solution.Ī section of a stream that leaves the main flow.Īn imaginary line that separates the drainage of two streams, often found along a ridge. The quantity of water in a stream that passes a given point in a period of time The area of active erosion on the outside of a meander.Ī short channel segment created when a river erodes through the narrow neck of land between meanders.Īn accumulation of sediment formed where a stream enters a lake or an ocean.Ī stream system that resembles the pattern of a branching tree. The total amount of sediment a stream is able to transport.Ī measure of the largest particle a stream can transport a factor dependent on velocity. Sediment moved along the bottom of a stream by moving water.Ī stream consisting of numerous intertwining channels. The level below which a stream cannot erode. Unconsolidated sediment deposited by a stream.Ī stream that continued to downcut and maintain its original course as an area along its course was uplifted by faulting or folding.Ī poorly drained area on a floodplain resulting when natural levees are present.Ĭommon term for sand and gravel deposits in a stream channel. A fan-shaped deposit of sediment formed when a stream’s slope is abruptly reduced.
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